Determination of current trend of nosocomial infections in ICU of Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Abstract

The study was based on prevalence observation performed in the Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. The hospitalized patients who admitted more than 48 hours in the Intensive care unit (ICU) during this period of time were included in the Study. Total 289 patients N=289 were admitted during the study survey period, from which 55 patients (19.37%) were discharged before 48 hours of admission and total 63 out of these 233 (80.63%) had number of Nosocomial Infections at prevalence rate 27.03%. The most common Nosocomial infection was Respiratory tract infections 39.7% out of which 33.3% were Upper respiratory tract infections and rest of 6.4% were lower respiratory tract infections, followed by urinary tract infections 22.2%, Blood stream infections 12.7%, ventilator associated pneumonia 12.7%, surgical site infections 12.7%. In conclusion, the high rates of nosocomial infection among patients in ICUs accentuate the need
for immediate infection control and prevention interventions throughout all the hospitals in Pakistan, particularly in high-risk wards. Additionally, sensible and careful use of antibiotics with proper prescriptions of registered medical practitioners moreover there should be involvement of infections control committee and Microbiology department of hospital to have a judicious use of antibiotics.